• Overview
• The origin of CBD oil
• CBD extraction method
• Science of Cannabinoids and how do they work
• CBD in skincare
• Conclusion

CBD skin care, or Cannabidiol skincare, is gaining considerable attention from users and R&D cosmetic formulators as a trendy ingredient in cosmetic products. However, there is a source of controversy and questions about CBD due to it being extracted from the Cannabis plant. In this article, we provide accurate and up-to-date information on the definition, chemistry and proven benefits of CBD skin care so that users can better understand this ingredient.

CBD was first isolated in 1940 and its structure was determined in 1963. However, Cannabis is an important folklore medicinal plant, used for centuries by many cultures throughout recorded history. Cannabis has a long history of use to alleviate skin symptoms, with preparations identified in ancient medical literature. It was often mixed with fats and applied as a poultice to the skin for its antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activity. Despite any controversies, the global market for CBD skin care products is experiencing a tremendous development, with a promising, continuous growth over the next few years. 

In general, CBD products have become increasingly popular, specially for people with sleep disorders, anxiety, and chronic pain, and the range of products where the ingredient is added include both oral and topical applications. Cosmetics are no exception to this expansion. A lot of world’s leading cosmetic companies have invested in research, application and testing skincare products containing CBD ingredients, and improved high performance cosmetics and products for caring for sensitive and acne-prone skin.

1.The origin of CBD oil

THE CANNABIS PLANT

Cannabis is a genus of flowering plants in the family Cannabaceae. There’s a debate on the classification of Cannabis, and the genus include 3 species: Cannabis sativa, Cannabis indica, and Cannabis ruderalis.

Cannabis is a generic term for both hemp and marijuana. The only feature that distinguishes these two plants is their THC content. “Hemp” is a term used to classify varieties of Cannabis that contain 0.3% or less THC content by dry weight, while “Marijuana” is the cannabis cultivars that contain more than 0.3% THC. Technically, CBD can be extracted from both of these sources.

2. CBD extraction method

Currently, there are three main methods used for CBD extraction including carbon dioxide extraction, steam distillation, and solvent extraction. In which, CO2 extraction is the method that brings high efficiency, low solvent consumption, good quality of essential oils in terms of composition and scent.

When researching CBD, you will probably find the terms CBD full spectrum, CBD isolate, or CBD broad spectrum. Their meanings are:

• CBD isolate: The purest form of CBD, mainly extracted from hemp, due to its low concentration of THC. It is produced by removing all other compounds found in the plant including other cannabinoids.
• CBD full spectrum: This extract contains the whole range of compounds that occur naturally in hemp including CBD, CBN, CBG, fatty acids, vitamins, minerals, and other cannabinoids. THC can be present in full spectrum CBD at trace amounts, with concentrations up to 0.3%.
• CBD broad spectrum: This extract contains the whole range of compounds that occur naturally in hemp, like full spectrum, however, THC is completely removed.

Hemp Sapa premium CBD cosmetic contains CBD broad spectrum
Detailed reference link: Hemp Sapa Cosmetics

3. Science of Cannabinoids and how do they work

Cannabinoids are a group of pharmacologically active compounds. They can be classified as three categories:

• Endocannabinoids: Naturally produced by our body, with important regulatory roles throughout the organism. 
• Phytocannabinoids: Primarily found in the Cannabis plant.
• Synthetic cannabinoids: Produced in laboratories.

CBD (Cannabidiol) is one of 113 other cannabinoids found in the Cannabis cultivar and has huge therapeutic potential. This is a compound found in nature that gives people a feeling of relaxation and calm, does not cause psychological effects, and has a series of positive effects on the body: pain relief, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, protection, neuroprotective...

Another important compound found in the Cannabis plant is THC (Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabino), a psychoactive compound with hallucinogenic effects. THC is one of the main reasons behind the taboos regarding the production and use of CBD products in some countries. However, combining THC at the permissible levels in CBD products will bring an entourage effect, helping to create optimal effects.

HOW DOES CBD SKINCARE WORK?

A 2018 study published in the Biochemical Pharmacology (volume 157) indicated that Endocannabinoid system is involved in our cutaneous function by regulating cell growth, differentiation and immune and inflammatory responses. Therefore the disruption of the endocannabinoid system could lead to skin diseases.

Our Endocannabinoid system is composed of 2 types of cannabinoid receptors namely CB1 and CB2. They are present in the skin, distributed through keratinocytes, melanocytes, in hair follicles, sebaceous and sweat glands. In simple words, it means when Cannabidiol is applied to the skin, it potentially connects with the receptors regulating certain skin physiological processes. The main functions attributed to CBD in skin care are as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory.

The hypothesis about mechanism of action explaining effects of CBD in topical usage involves regulations on sebocyte proliferation, control of sebum production, anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative (inhibits cell growth) activity. Medical literature has shown some evidence of a role for CBD in the management of symptoms of skin conditions (psoriasis, eczema, pruritus, allergic contact dermatitis, atopic dermatitis and acne) by relieving chronic pain, modifying the itching sensation, and reducing inflammation.

Studies on The National Center for Biotechnology Information show that it may inhibit proliferation of epidermal keratinocytes and stimulate apoptosis (cell death), causing a reduction of histamine responses in human skin. And there have been studies documenting its use in treating inflammatory acne because of its ability to decrease proliferation of human sebocytes in vitro.

4. CBD in skincare

CBD’s activities described above are valuable for the cosmetic formulator, as they are applicable for a wide range of cosmetic products. Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant actions are both pillars for anti-ageing products, whilst the anti-inflammatory action added to the sebum regulation are relevant for cosmetics intended for acne prone skin. Conditions like eczema and dermatitis will benefit from pain relief and regulation of epidermal proliferation. How does CBD work in skincare?

These are the most frequent applications for CBD in skincare:

• Moisturisation
• Improve the skin barrier
• Skin soothing
• Acne prone skin and oil control
• Complementary product, for sensitive skin that suffers from Psoriasis and Atopic Dermatitis

HempSapa Face Cream 100mg CBD Broad Spectrum
Link to order online: Hemp Sapa Face Cream

Currently, research on Cannabis in general and CBD in particular, as well as their medical and therapeutic effects, is still limited due to legal issues in some countries. Regulatory support for the legalization of medical cannabis will support broader CBD research and application. Especially for the cosmetic industry, the market for CBD skin care products is expected to gain traction and grow strongly in the near future.

Above are our basic knowledge sharing about CBD cosmetics. We hope that with the orientation of sustainable development, Hemp Sapa will bring to the community an enjoyable and secure online shopping experience.
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